We find braces in the Jasmin Cottage wall

The window is supported, with a section of new framing, and the top of the masonry fixed, with lime mortar and stone. It is now safe to investigate the cracks in the cement mortar, that continue up the side of the window. This cautious removal of render, rather than a wholesale approach proves it's worth; it may have been all that was keeping the structure together.

We find a brace. Phew! Some historic roof leak has dripped down and rotted the front of it. The front was removed to a depth of 1" and a new piece fixed in.

The stud on the left has bad damage above the brace, but is ok below, which is to be expected. So the stud is sistered above and below the brace and secured. This will hold it all together until the rest of the wall receives attention.

Jasmin Cottage is down an alleyway that leads through the left hand door on Totnes High Street.

This building, apparently, still has the footprint of the original Anglo-Saxon hall which stood on the site. That original building and the alleyway were being used over 1000 years ago.

Jasmin Cottage going deeper

 So we know now that there is rot in the timber frame. But how much?

Quite a lot. The sill is badly damaged, the left post/stud bottom is gone and the right post/stud bottom is gone and it's been removed above the sill to accomodate a bigger window than the original.

Support is given to the window and wall while a new section of timber work is made. The rotten timber is removed.

Expanding foam had been used to fill gaps in the lower floor masonry wall. This was part of the problem; not allowing the timber to breathe. Completely inappropriate materials. As much of the foam was dug out and replaced with stones and lime mortar. The new section of timber frame was scarfed into the left post, preserving as much of the historic material as possible. The ends of the sill have been bracketed for now. It is envisaged that the rest of the wall will have the rest of the portland cement render removed and frame repaired when funds allow. That will require full Listed Building Consent. The rest of the new sill can be scarfed in at that time. Now that the window is fully supported, investigation of the cracks further up the sides of the window can commence.

Jasmin Cottage timber frame repair

Jasmin Cottage, Totnes. Early 19th century grade 2 listed with later extensions. Masonry ground floor and timber frame first floor. Investigation of cracks in external, portland, cement render below and around upper left window. 

In a meeting with the lime renderer, Lime Renovations, it is discussed that it would be better to plan for removing an 8'/2.4m strip of cement render, around the window and down to the overhang above the downstairs window. This should facilitate examination and repair of the timber frame and subsequent re-rendering in lime. Obviously, it would be better to be re-rendering the whole elevation in lime, but there are financial constraints for the owners. Making some of this wall more breathable is taking this building in the right direction. A conversation with South Hams Conservation agrees this course of action.

It would seem sensible to go slowly with removing the render, as we really have no idea what lies beneath. A heat sensitive camera has been used but that has revealed nothing about the timber frame; there are no differences in surface temperature, across the wall.

The cracks.

Keyhole surgery.

It becomes clearer why the heat camera is showing us nothing. There is render, EML expanded metal lath (badly corroded), then tar paper/sarking then battens, then the frame with tightly packed fibreglass insulation in between. Gypsum plasterboard on the inside; perfect conditions to rot the frame. That's a 3" screwdriver up to the hilt.

Oh dear, oh dear! Fortunate that Rivers Joinery are here.

Call of the Wild

 Who knew there was a wolf hiding in this elm tree in the back hedge? Call of the Wild.

Elm on my mind

We've been mostly saving old buildings recently. More of that later. We've had a storm raging here for the past two days, and I've been hunkered down, reading about Elm Timber Framing. We have several Elm stumps in the back hedge around 12" diameter. The previous owner had cut them off at 3' high, so they were neither coppiced or pollarded. They have suckered and new saplings are growing up and as we also have ash, that so far has not succumbed to the dieback, I want to help the ash, so I have cut the elm stumps off to the ground, as they will probably sprout again, and who knows maybe one day soon Dutch Elm Disease will have run it's course, and they might make it to maturity.

I have never made anything from elm, so this afternoon I started roughing out a bowl in the covered way. It is far from green now, but I had no problem, making progress with my Dave Budd bowl adze. It never seems to go blunt!

The book by Robert Somerville is a very interesting read.

The most striking thing he introduces is the variety in appearance of Elm trees. I used to live in Brighton, which is a haven for the Elm, but it seems that there may be many more around than the public perception acknowledges, according to Robert. I know of two giants locally, but maybe I'm not looking closely enough, because I mainly have eyes for oak.

Elm is known for it's interlocking grain; the reason it was used for the nave, or the hub of a wooden wheel. I remember visiting Mike Rowland carriage makers maybe 15 years back. They had a stack of nave sized chunks of elm on the outside of their workshop, seasoning. This stump, though, is perfectly straight grained, or maybe I might not have been able to cleave it.

In praise of tarpaulins.

Devon is a wet place. External timber suffers. Sometimes it needs replacement, sometimes repair. This roof was letting in water and the timbers rotten, so replacement with new chestnut purlins. We had just finished for the day and got it covered, when the first raindrops fell. Useful for the next morning, to be able to keep working, under. Hail tarpaulins!

Here's one we fixed earlier. This box sash was about as bad as it gets before complete replacement is necessary. We always try to save as much historic fabric as possible. This window (and wall it is in) has always been up against it, the ground outside is 4ft up the side of the house. The wall/window have to deal with penetrating damp AND runoff from the concrete ground surface outside. It's not possible to lower the ground level as it's public. We replaced the cill, half the inner face of the boxes and the cheeks. A new sash, added a lb. or two to the weights, new cords and brushed parting beads. Re-purried other sash and painted. Removed silicon and sealed around frame with lime mortar. Similar to next window. Proper job.

Look after the pennies and the pounds will take care of themselves. Every small part of a building should be well maintained to protect the whole thing and preserve it for posterity. Replacement door cill and scarfed in jamb ends, in oak.

Replace where necessary. Otherwise repair. Protect historic fabric. Protect tradesman protecting historic fabric.........with tarpaulins. A dry tradesman is a happy tradesman! Hail tarpaulins. Amen.

Keep chipping away...

So, fifteen years trading this week. Fifteen years since I was made redundant from my yurt-making job. The road has been bumpy at times, there has been much handtool (and machine tool) use, and many opportunities for patience. 

I loved making the yurts; the steambending, the wheel-making, the tying of the trellis, the assembly into a living space. Although to be honest, losing my job, a month after my daughter being born, was the best thing that ever happened to me!

Self-employment is not for everyone. Luckily, I come from a long line of Yorkshire farmers....

used to turning their hands to 'owt' (anything) and doing it 'thissen' (yourself). They worked the land with horses and resisted mechanisation. Something which may have been their undoing; the farm had gone by the time I was born.

 My great-grandfather John Bayes; outstanding in his field!

It's my grandfather Arthur, that gave me my love of hand tools (that's him laying the hedge above). A gentle man whose hands were never still; when not doing things agricultural he could be found in his workshop, carving toys, making rocking horses, weaving corn dollies, making rag rugs. His shed was an aladdin's cave of chisels, rounding planes, drills, all manner of tools that I would gaze on in wonder.

My father too (the first to not be a farmer, he was a photographer) was always building or making something; darkrooms after darkrooms for silver iodide shenanigans. It was he who first taught me to use a saw and an axe safely, when I was knee high to a grasshopper.

 We've made a few things since then!

And used a few power tools when expedient. I love hand tools, but sometimes it just makes no sense not to 'mechanize'.

And with occasional help from the next generation, my son Arthur (my grandfeather's namesake).

And who knows, maybe Bethany, in a few years.......her middle name is River, after all. Here's to another fifteen years of trading!